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Put Securities On-Chain!

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This week, in a Washington Post op-ed, Robinhood CEO Vlad Tenev called for a new approach to capital markets in the United States. He suggested a number of policies – modernizing accredited investor standards is an old favorite among finance wonks – but one stood out. “[T]here needs to exist a security token registration regime, allowing companies to create token offerings that are open to U.S. investors.” Here, Tenev seizes upon the skeleton key to unlock cryptocurrency’s full potential.

Here’s how securities markets work in the United States. By default, companies aren’t really allowed to sell equity at all. The Securities Act of 1933 defines securities and prescribes conditions – and penalties – for selling them. If a company wants to raise money, it hires a lawyer like me and either registers or finds an exemption like Regulation D (Reg D).

Most choose an exemption and go private. And as Tenev points out, many of those choose to stay that way – OpenAI, SpaceX or Stripe. But exempt securities do not trade easily. They’re generally encumbered by contractual and regulatory restrictions that make them illiquid. For the richest few companies, this might be fine – or even the point. But not for most. Without liquid secondary markets, investors can only realize profit through dividends. And where investors cannot realize gains, primary markets run correspondingly dry.

Registered securities, on the other hand, are highly liquid on the secondary market. This means that investors typically jump to participate in an initial public offering. But this process is also restricted to the richest companies by its massive price tag. PwC estimates that even relatively small initial public offerings cost millions of dollars, along with millions more in annual legal fees and compliance. This is still before considering the onerous transparency and forfeiture of control that come with registration. For these reasons now even top firms “avoid going public,” Tenev says.

It’s no secret this is a problem. Washington D.C. recently tried to address it by creating Regulation Crowdfunding (Reg CF) in the 2012 JOBS Act. The idea was to make exempt securities more accessible to small and medium businesses (SMBs), but they just couldn’t help themselves. Familiar restrictions on secondary liquidity hamstring the program. Combined with still-significant compliance costs, the result will never be a meaningful segment of U.S. capital markets.

Instead, the solution came from outside. Ethereum developers introduced the ERC-20 standard in 2015, allowing anyone to create an arbitrary number of tokens and sell them into instant liquidity. Project founders could restrict resale as they chose. But, in practice, the best projects developed deep, efficient markets quickly. These fungible tokens took various names and functions, but practically, for a time, they were the internet’s capital market.

On top of secure, trustless blockchain technology, the crucial breakthrough was just letting people buy and sell tokens freely. It turns out this is a product people really want, and initial coin offerings grew 100X between Q1 and Q4 of 2017.

This halcyon moment couldn’t last – wholly unregulated markets were a sink for scams, and the subsequent SEC campaign to end cryptocurrency fundraising is well documented. These days, it is extremely difficult to make a legal primary token sale in the U.S. Projects are left to give tokens away for free. Even then, a single successful Hyperliquid airdrop created more value in a day than all Reg CF offerings from 2021 to 2023 combined.

Rather than gesture to the past, though, Tenev emphasizes the future:

“Tokenizing private-company stock would enable retail investors to invest in leading companies early in their life cycles…enabling them to draw additional capital by tapping into a global crypto retail market… [It] would [ ] provide an alternative path to the traditional IPO[.]”

He calls this “tokenized real-world assets.” I call it a regulatory third way. Sitting between exempt securities and public offerings, the SEC should promulgate rules that allow projects to sell securities in the form of cryptocurrency tokens with limited compliance and disclosures – combining the relative simplicity of a private placement with the secondary liquidity of a public offering.

We already know the first-order effects of such a system. In 2017 and 2018 more than 2,000 projects sold tokens to raise over $13 billion. As Tenev points out, “the risks are highest where the opportunity for upside is greatest” and many of those early crypto companies failed. Many survived, though, and are still building today. Early investors grew rich, and their leaders remain faces of the industry.

The second-order effects are where the real value accrues. Compared to any traditional securities offering, cryptocurrency token launches are trivially cheap. By some estimates, there is as much as a trillion dollars of potential SMB capital demand in the United States. This suggests vast potential for on-chain fundraising. Nobody knows what access to this capital would mean – some would no-doubt be vaporized – but there is real potential that underserved markets experience asymmetric growth.

Of course, there are risks beyond lost investments, too. A liberalized cryptocurrency regime might displace some or all of the current public securities regime. This would, in effect, radically decrease the compliance and disclosure requirements for public companies, possibly undermining market efficiency and increasing deceit.

But why anchor to the status quo? A third-way regime can require disclosures without being as onerous as public registration. Consumer protection need not arise from laws that were written before running water was ubiquitous – much less cryptographically secure blockchain networks.

It’s not obvious that public securities would vanish anyway. The relative cost of compliance diminishes at scale. For mature companies, investors will probably demand traditional disclosures and be willing to pay a corresponding premium in exchange. If they don’t, maybe these laws’ time has come.

It’s hard to imagine anyone arriving at the contemporary regime from first principles. The president can launch a memecoin, but tokens tethered to business fundamentals are prima facie illegal. So, here I second what Tenev says, “It’s time to update our conversation about crypto from bitcoin and memecoins to what blockchain is really making possible.” Let’s put securities on-chain.

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    2 марта, 2025 at 10:49 дп

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Not a Meme! DePIN Can Take Crypto Mainstream

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For years, the crypto market has thrived on speculation, where excitement, hype and fleeting trends attract value instead of fundamentals. Investors have continually poured money into tokens fueled by viral moments, chasing rapid gains. Time and again, a select few of these investments soar to incredible heights, only to come crashing down. With over 33 million tokens in circulation, the competition to attract attention gets harder and harder and investor attention is ever more fleeting. But DePIN can change this. With compelling businesses attracting real customers and revenue built on well designed token economics, DePIN can set a new standard of fundamentals in crypto.

As our DePIN Token Economics Report outlines, Decentralized Physical Infrastructure Networks (DePIN) offer a number of compelling businesses with fundamental value. Unlike typical crypto projects driven by speculation, DePIN offers a different approach. It uses blockchain technology to support real-world infrastructure, creating tangible value and generating real revenue. Instead of relying on hype, it builds a financial system based on actual demand, making it a more sustainable and practical model.

Rather than resembling major crypto networks like Bitcoin or Ethereum, DePIN operates more like capital-light marketplaces such as Uber and Airbnb, but with key distinctions. While both models connect providers with customers without funding infrastructure, DePIN providers are compensated in tokens that can appreciate in value, akin to Uber drivers or Airbnb hosts receiving equity. Additionally, most DePINs sell to businesses which eliminates the need for massive marketing expenses required in building a consumer brand.

DePIN offers a compelling business model and, unlike memes that come and go, it is the beginning of crypto’s transformation into a mature, revenue-generating industry.

From Hype to Revenue-Driven Models

At its core, DePIN represents a paradigm shift. Traditionally, blockchain-based businesses have relied on hype to attract buyers. In the absence of traditional fundamentals, the industry cycled through endless metrics such as TPS, TVL, Telegram channel size, followers on X and many others. Many projects have attempted to build decentralized ecosystems. But, without real customers paying for services, they have largely functioned as economies fueled by speculation rather than external demand.

DePIN changes this by integrating blockchain technology with physical and digital infrastructure, creating compelling services that generate revenue. Whether it is decentralized cloud computing, wireless networks, mapping or storage solutions, DePIN projects offer services like traditional businesses and with customers who pay for usage. When combined with the correct token economics, it creates a sustainable financial model.

As DePIN generates growing revenue, it is likely to draw institutional investors who have long been skeptical of crypto’s reliance on hype and speculation. The projects that successfully correlate the token demand to actual business growth will not only survive the current market but also set the standard for the next generation of blockchain companies

The report also highlights one of the most compelling aspects of DePIN, the use of buy-and-burn, which removes the need to have an expanding pool of new buyers. Instead, these projects use a portion of their revenue to repurchase and burn tokens, permanently reducing supply and potentially driving long-term price appreciation similar to stock buybacks.

This approach is in stark contrast to most of crypto which relies on new buyers to sustain and grow their value.The buy-and-burn model ensures that as DePIN businesses grow and generate more revenue, their token ecosystems become more resilient to market fluctuations. Some DePIN tokens are already demonstrating this by decoupling from broader crypto market trends, proving that real-world adoption can lead to price stability and long-term investor confidence.

Aligning Incentives for Sustainable Growth

While DePIN offers significant potential, it also comes with challenges. One major concern is transparency, as most projects lack traditional financial reports, audits, or clear revenue statements. However, blockchain itself provides a solution — on-chain verification through buy-and-burn mechanisms allows for real-time financial tracking, giving investors a clearer picture of a project’s health.

Another challenge is customer adoption. Many businesses and consumers remain concerned due to crypto’s volatility. To address this, DePIN projects are introducing fiat payment options and stablecoin rewards, making it easier for everyday users to interact with these decentralized services without needing prior crypto or Web3 experience.

For DePIN to succeed, its incentive structures must be designed to keep all stakeholders — providers, users, and investors aligned. One way to achieve alignment is through staking mechanisms, especially in cloud-based networks where service providers lock up tokens as collateral to guarantee reliability. Projects like Filecoin and Fluence already use this approach, ensuring accountability while strengthening network security. Others, such as Render and Livepeer, take a different route by distributing a share of network revenue to token stakers, creating a system similar to dividends that rewards long-term commitment.

Governance will also be critical as DePIN projects decentralize. To prevent large token holders from short-term profiteering for quick gains, new governance models like quadratic voting and weighted staking are emerging. These frameworks help keep decision-making balanced, ensuring that projects remain sustainable and fair as they evolve.

DePIN isn’t just another blockchain investment vehicle, it is laying the foundation for real, decentralized infrastructure. While meme coins have shown that crypto can generate hype, they rarely create lasting value. In contrast, DePIN is developing businesses that can compete with centralized companies by focusing on real-world utility.

With token models backed by revenue, deflationary supply mechanics, and increasing interest from institutional investors, DePIN is redefining how blockchain networks should function. The projects that successfully address capital efficiency, align incentives, and navigate regulatory challenges will be the ones that lead this next phase of decentralized technology.

As DePIN matures, its token models will continue to evolve. Optimizing capital efficiency through transparent buy-and-burn rates will ensure liquidity while maintaining long-term value. Governance structures will adapt to prevent short-term actors from derailing network growth. By 2026, DePIN will be recognized as the benchmark for sustainable blockchain economies, proving that crypto can function as more than a speculative asset class.

The crypto industry stands at a crossroads. Investors, developers, and institutions must choose between supporting unsustainable token models or supporting projects that create real value. For the space to mature, it needs to move beyond pure speculation, and DePIN is at the forefront of that transformation.

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TON’s Dramatic Volatility Signals Market Uncertainty

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Market Recovery Amid Institutional Confidence

The cryptocurrency market remains in turbulent territory as Toncoin (TON) demonstrates both significant volatility and remarkable resilience.

After forming a head-and-shoulders pattern with strong resistance at $4.15, TON has recovered from its recent lows. It is now trading at $4.13 with a 12.5% weekly gain.

This recovery comes amid news that leading venture capital firms, including Sequoia, Ribbit Capital, and Benchmark, collectively hold over $400 million in TON, signaling institutional confidence in the blockchain’s future.

TON Technical Analysis Highlights

Price action formed a head-and-shoulders pattern with resistance at $4.15 and support at $3.60.

The support level at $3.60 was breached during the April 3rd selloff.

Volume analysis shows distribution phases coinciding with price peaks, suggesting institutional profit-taking.

Fibonacci retracement indicates potential stabilization around the 0.618 level at $3.58.

Cup-and-handle formation appeared during recovery with initial resistance at $3.58.

Strong buying pressure was observed during the 15:32-15:34 and 15:58 periods.

Price reclaimed the Fibonacci 0.382 level at $3.59, suggesting potential continuation toward $3.65.

Disclaimer: This article was generated with AI tools and reviewed by our editorial team to ensure accuracy and adherence to our standards. For more information, see CoinDesk’s full AI Policy. This article may include information from external sources, which are listed below when applicable.

TheNewsCrypto, “Toncoin (TON) Eyes $4 as Bullish Momentum Builds,” accessed April 3, 2025

CryptoNews, “Is This the Next Solana? Toncoin’s $400 Million VC Investment Surge Signals Explosive Upside,” accessed April 3, 2025

CryptoDaily, “AI Predicts 12,500% Gains for Remittix (RTX), 232% for Chainlink (LINK) — But to Sell Toncoin (TON), Shiba Inu (SHIB) Fast,” accessed April 3, 2025

TheNewsCrypto, “Toncoin (TON) Price Prediction,” accessed April 3, 2025

Bitcoin Sistemi, “Top Crypto Platforms: Binance Coin, BlockDAG, Tron, Toncoin Poised for Major Growth in 2025,” accessed April 3, 2025

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Crypto-Friendly Prime Broker Hidden Road in Active Takeover Talks: Sources

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Hidden Road, a prime broker that focuses on both crypto and traditional assets, has received an inbound takeover approach, according to two people with knowledge of the matter.

Takeover talks are ongoing with a crypto native company that wants to acquire Hidden Road, the people said, but there is no certainty that any deal will be done.

Hidden Road declined to comment.

The company has raised about $50 million in the last 12 months, from investors including crypto venture capital firm Dragonfly Capital, one of the people said.

One of the investors, a crypto native firm, has since made an approach to buy Hidden Road, the person added.

Dragonfly Capital didn’t respond to a request for comment by publication time.

Prime brokers are an essential part of the plumbing of financial markets. They provide trading, financing and custody services to large institutions.

Hidden Road raised $50 million in a Series A funding round in July 2022. The round was led by Castle Island Ventures, with participation from Citadel Securities, FTX Ventures, Uncorrelated Ventures, Greycroft, XBTO Humla Ventures, Wintermute, SLN Capital, Profluent Trading, Coinbase Ventures and Corner Capital.

The company was said to be weighing options including a potential sale or capital raise that could value the firm at more than $1 billion, according to a Bloomberg report last month.

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