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Solana Could Soon Witness Its Largest Consensus Change as Developer Proposes ‘Alpenglow’

Solana developers are planning what could be the blockchain’s most ambitious core upgrade to date — one that replaces its current technology stack with a redesigned consensus protocol built for near-instant finality and responsiveness.
The new system, called Alpenglow, was unveiled on Monday by infrastructure firm Anza, a Solana Labs spinout.
It proposes replacing Proof of History — Solana’s famously unique “pre-recorded clock” system — and Tower BFT, its existing voting mechanism for reaching consensus.
BFT, or Byzantine Fault Tolerance, is a way for a group of network nodes to agree on a piece of information even if some were lying or broken.
Proof of History is one of Solana’s core features, a type of cryptographic “clock” so validators don’t have to argue over timing when recording data to the network — a shortcut that immensely speeds the network but adds complexity.
Why shift?
So why the proposed shift? Because both systems are relatively slow and complex under the hood. TowerBFT needs multiple rounds of voting, and Proof of History relies on a cryptographic clock that can cause coordination delays. Alpenglow simplifies this with faster, more direct communication and quicker consensus.
In their place comes a two-part solution:
1) Votor, which handles block finalization and can confirm transactions in as little as 100–150 milliseconds (based on current simulations).
2) Rotor, a data relay protocol that aims to transmit transaction data faster and more efficiently than Turbine, Solana’s current broadcast mechanism.
This isn’t just a tech flex, it directly impacts developer experience, user responsiveness, and the types of apps that can run natively on Solana, including real-time finance, gaming, and social tools.
These implementations could, in turn, increase on-chain activity, and by extension, SOL token demand.
Finality in under a second would mark a step-change for Layer 1 blockchains, most of which still operate on multi-second confirmation windows. Solana has already experimented with “optimistic confirmations” to reduce latency, but Alpenglow formalizes this into a provably fast protocol.
Finality means a transaction is fully confirmed and can’t be changed or reversed, making it a permanent part of the blockchain.
Per its whitepaper, Alpenglow’s Votor system could finalize blocks in a single voting round if 80% of the stake is online, or two rounds if only 60% is responsive, with both modes running concurrently to finalize on the faster path.
On the other hand, using Rotor would allow fewer “hops,” smarter relay node selection, and better bandwidth distribution to push data around the network quickly — critical for keeping block times fast without relying on a central bottleneck.
A hop is one step a piece of data takes as it moves from one computer (or node) to another across a network.
As of Tuesday, no launch date has been confirmed. But for Solana, this is more than just an upgrade — it’s a bet on speed as the chain’s identity. If it works, it could re-assert Solana’s position not just as the fastest L1, but as one of the only ones fast enough for real-time use cases.
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XRP Ledger’s Ethereum-Compatible Sidechain to Go Live in Q2

Decentralized Layer 1 blockchain XRP Ledger’s (XRPL) sidechain that’s compatible with the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) is set to go live in the second quarter, Jaazi Cooper, director of product management at Ripple, and David Schwartz, Ripple’s chief technology officer said at the ongoing APEX 2025 conference in Singapore.
EVM compatibility refers to the ability of the blockchain to run Ethereum-based decentralized applications and smart contracts seamlessly.
The XRPL EVM sidechain testnet went live early this year and is experiencing rapid growth, according to Peersyst Technologies.
«87 new entities – with no prior XRP involvement – are now contributing to the ecosystem: infrastructure, apps, and demand generation,» Peersyst said on X. «When mainnet goes live, all of it becomes part of the XRP ecosystem – possibly the biggest onboarding in XRP history.»
The EVM sidechain will allow users to potentially generate yield through DeFi applications, such as liquidity pools, and smart contract interactions.
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Ripple’s Brad Garlinghouse Says Circle IPO Signals U.S. Stablecoin Regulation Ahead

SINGAPORE – Brad Garlinghouse, CEO of crypto company Ripple Labs, stated at the XRP Ledger Apex, the Ripple (XRP) community conference in Singapore, that he remains bullish on stablecoins – a sentiment he said is reinforced by the recent blockbuster Circle CRCL initial public offering (IPO).
«Circle IPO’s clearly went very well. That’s a reflection of investor interest in crypto, both institutions and retail. The financial future will be blockchain-based,» Garlinghouse said at Apex.
Garlinghouse said that one factor in the success of Circle’s IPO is the market’s fundamental belief that the GENIUS Act – the U.S. stablecoin legislation – will pass.
As CoinDesk previously reported, the GENIUS Act, a stablecoin regulatory bill, is poised for imminent Senate passage with bipartisan support, potentially moving to the House and becoming law by August recess.
«Regulatory headwinds have now become tailwinds in the U.S., and that’s good for the global landscape,» Garlinghouse continued. «It’s not deregulation that we want, and we are asking for clear regulation, and progress is evident.»
Other jurisdictions have also recently passed stablecoin legislation, such as Hong Kong. Korea’s new administration is also said to be working on a stablecoin bill.
Garlinghouse declined to comment on a potential Ripple-Circle merger or acquisition.
Apex continues in Singapore through Wednesday.
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Asia Morning Briefing: Coinbase Premium, Not Bank of Japan Rates, Might be the Metric to Watch for BTC

Bitcoin BTC is trading at $109.7K as the Wednesday trading day begins in Asia, according to CoinDesk market data.
While the world’s largest digital asset is trading flat in the early hours of the session, CoinDesk market data shows that it’s up 4% on the week.
An expected Bank of Japan rate cut isn’t doing that much to move the market, even though a low interest rate policy is usually what drives risk-on sentiment and positively impacts BTC prices.
One metric to watch instead is the ‘Coinbase Premium’. Tracked by CryptoQuant, it measures the price difference between BTC on Coinbase Pro (USD) and Binance (USDT), demonstrating the dollar demand for bitcoin (as opposed to crypto-native demand).
«The Coinbase Premium is gradually rising, indicating that buying pressure from U.S. investors is supporting the trend,» CryptoQuant analysts wrote in a recent update. «Additionally, whale buying activity is being observed incrementally.»
Part of this movement would include BTC ETF inflow, which has hit $386.27 million so far this week, according to SoSoValue data.
That being said, some market observers are concerned that a staked ether exchange-traded fund (ETF), which may be close to getting approved, could put a damper on institutional BTC interest.
Youwei Yang, chief economist at BIT Mining, says that an ETF that gives investors access to ETH yield from staking would be something that BTC ETFs can’t match, as they just give exposure to price appreciation.
«This has created a lot of buzz, especially considering how much of bitcoin’s rally was fueled by ETF hype,» Yang said. «And let’s be honest: while there’s speculation around Solana or Litecoin ETFs, Ether is still the only other crypto asset with a real existence in U.S. spot ETF. That makes it a go-to option for institutions waiting and watching on the sidelines, ready to move when the timing feels right.»
But for now, it’s still a waiting game. At least until the BoJ’s move is official, as the usual crypto-natives like Arthur Hayes are counting on BTC going parabolic as a result.
DEX Volume Has Nearly Doubled in Past Year
Centralized Exchanges (CEXs) have always had their eyes on Decentralized Exchanges (DEXs) since the concept took off in 2018 with the advent of modern Automated Market Maker (AMM) engines – the technology at the center of the product category.
But as the year continues, and crypto mergers and acquisitions heat up maybe there’ll be a renewed interest in DEXs, considering the massive jump in volume on the platforms in the last year.
According to data from Messari, in the last year, trading volume on DEXs has jumped from around 6% of all volume to 12%. In May, that number got closer to 25% as up-and-coming DEX Hyperliquid caught the eye of the market, including crypto’s most aggressive traders.
But are DEXs and CEX’s competitors? No, says OKX President Hong Fang.
Speaking with CoinDesk earlier this year in the run-up to Consensus Hong Kong, Fang said that the two are complementary.
«The crypto-native audience will want to be able to use CEX for reliability and DEX for catching innovations,» she said at the time. «Such supply-demand dynamics will drive further adoption of DEX to enable innovation while supporting the gradual maturity of the crypto regulatory framework.»
News Roundup
Trump’s CFTC Nominee Brian Quintenz Says Congress Key to Boosting Crypto Innovation and Consumer Protection
Brian Quintenz, President Trump’s nominee for chairman of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC), emphasized at his Senate confirmation hearing that Congress must lead in establishing clear guidelines to boost crypto innovation and consumer protection simultaneously, CoinDesk previously reported.
Quintenz, who previously served as a CFTC commissioner and later as head of policy at venture capital firm a16z, argued that forthcoming market structure legislation could provide clarity needed for entrepreneurs while maintaining safeguards for consumers.
During his confirmation, senators expressed concerns about vacancies at the CFTC—particularly the absence of Democratic commissioners—but Quintenz declined to commit to advocating Trump to fill these positions, emphasizing presidential discretion. He acknowledged potential resource needs should the CFTC become the primary regulator for digital commodities, advocating a «technology-first approach» to enhance agency efficiency, and defended the role of prediction markets as legitimate tools for hedging and risk management.
Aave is Now on Sony’s Soneium
Aave has launched on Soneium, an Ethereum Layer-2 blockchain supported by electronics giant Sony, CoinDesk previously reported. This integration includes exploring real-world applications of Aave’s decentralized overcollateralized stablecoin, GHO, across payments, savings, and digital commerce.
Aave’s involvement will extend to liquidity incentive campaigns, notably partnering with Astar, a significant blockchain player in Japan’s Web3 scene, with a dedicated 100 million ASTR allocation ($4 million) to boost adoption.
Soneium already hosts a vibrant 7-million user ecosystem featuring prominent platforms like Uniswap v4, Velodrome, Stargate, and Lido, alongside native protocols Kyo Finance and SuperVol. Stani Kulechov, Aave Labs’ founder, emphasized Sony’s global trust and Soneium’s consumer-centric approach as key advantages, aligning with Aave’s strategy of expanding accessibility and mainstream reach.
Market Movements
- BTC: BTC trades below $110K as exchange reserves drop sharply, signaling strong accumulation amid significant short liquidations.
- ETH: Ethereum surged 6.9% to $2,803 amid triple-average trading volume, reflecting strong institutional conviction driven by significant ETF inflows and BlackRock’s sizable ETH accumulation.
- Gold: Spot gold neared $3,350 Tuesday, buoyed by cautious optimism over US-China trade talks despite a firmer US dollar.
- Nikkei 225: Asia-Pacific markets rose Wednesday amid optimism over «productive» U.S.-China trade talks, with Japan’s Nikkei 225 gaining 0.69% at open.
- S&P 500: The S&P 500 gained 0.6% Tuesday, approaching record highs above 6,000, buoyed by investor optimism on U.S.-China trade talks and Tesla’s rise amid Elon Musk’s robotaxi announcements.
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