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Ripple, BCG Project $18.9T Tokenized Asset Market by 2033

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The market for tokenized financial instruments, or real-world assets (RWAs), could reach $18.9 trillion by 2033 as the technology’s growth is nearing a «tipping point,» according to a joint report on Monday by Boston Consulting Group (BCG) by payments-focused digital asset infrastructure firm Ripple.

That would mean an average 53% compound annual growth rate (CAGR), taking the middle ground between the report’s conservative scenario of $12 trillion in tokenized assets in the next eight years and a more optimistic $23.4 trillion projection.

Tokenization is the process of using blockchain rails to record ownership and move assets—securities, commodities, real estate. It’s a red-hot sector in crypto, with several global traditional financial firms pursuing tokenization to achieve efficiency gains, faster and cheaper settlements and around-the-clock transactions. JPMorgan’s Kinexys platform has already processed more than $1.5 trillion in tokenized transactions, with over $2 billion in daily volume. BlackRock’s tokenized U.S. dollar money market fund (BUIDL), issued with tokenization firm Securitize, nears $2 billion in assets under management and is increasingly being used in decentralized finance (DeFi).

“[The] technology is ready, regulation is evolving, and foundational use cases are in the market,” said Martijn Siebrand, Digital Assets Program Manager at ABN AMRO, in the report.

The report highlighted tokenized government bonds, U.S. Treasuries, as an early success, allowing corporate treasurers seamlessly shift idle cash into tokenized short-term government bonds from digital wallets without any intermediaries, managing liquidity in real time and around the clock.

Private credit is another sector drawing attention, opening access to traditionally opaque and illiquid markets while offering investors clearer pricing and fractional ownership. Similarly, carbon markets are flagged as fertile ground, where blockchain-based registries could enhance transparency and traceability of emissions credits.

Key challenges still linger

Despite the growth, the report identified five key barriers for broader adoption: fragmented infrastructure, limited interoperability across platforms, uneven regulatory progress, inconsistent custody frameworks, and lack of smart contract standardization. Most tokenized assets today settle in isolation, with off-chain cash legs limiting efficiency gains. Tokenized asset markets struggle to unlock secondary liquidity without shared delivery-versus-payment (DvP) standards.

Regulatory clarity varies significantly by region. Switzerland, the EU, Singapore, and the United Arab Emirates have developed comprehensive legal frameworks for tokenized securities and infrastructure, while major markets like India and China remain restrictive or undefined. This uneven progress complicates cross-border operations and forces firms to tailor infrastructure market-by-market.

Despite these headwinds, early adopters are expanding fast. The report identifies three phases of tokenization: low-risk adoption of familiar instruments like bonds and funds; expansion into complex products such as private credit and real estate; and full market transformation, including illiquid assets like infrastructure and private equity. Most firms are currently in the first or second phase, with scalability hinging on regulatory alignment and infrastructure maturity.

Tokenization can unlock meaningful savings for processes such as bond issuances, real estate fund tokenization and collateral management, driving further growth, the report noted.

Cost is becoming less of a constraint for firms, the report said. Focused tokenization projects can now launch for under $2 million, while end-to-end integrations—covering issuance, custody, compliance, and trading—can cost up to $100 million for large institutions.

However, without industry-wide coordinated action, the same silos and fragmentation tokenization seeks to eliminate could reemerge in digital form, said in the report Jorgen Ouaknine, global head of innovation and digital assets at Euroclear, a global financial market infrastructure provider.

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Metaplanet Buys Another 1,004 Bitcoin, Lifts Holdings to Over $800M Worth of BTC

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Tokyo-listed investment firm Metaplanet has purchased another 1,004 bitcoin (BTC) for approximately $104.3 million, bringing its total holdings to 7,800 BTC.

The average purchase price for this latest tranche was $103,873 per bitcoin, according to a Monday disclosure.

The company’s total bitcoin position, acquired at an average price of $91,300 per BTC, is now valued at just over $806 million based on current market prices. The move is part of Metaplanet’s long-term goal to reach 10,000 BTC by the end of 2025.

It began acquiring bitcoin in April 2024 and has since leaned heavily into a treasury strategy modeled after firms like Strategy (MSTR).

The latest purchase comes as bitcoin continues to hover just below its all-time high, trading around $103,343 at the time of writing. The broader crypto market has rallied in recent weeks amid improving macro sentiment.

Metaplanet has financed its bitcoin acquisitions through a series of bond sales, most recently completing its 15th ordinary bond issuance, worth $15 million.

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The Bull Case for Galaxy Digital is AI Data Centers Not Bitcoin Mining, Research Firm Says

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When Galaxy Digital (GLXY) CEO Mike Novogratz bought Argos’ Helios data center in late 2022, at the depths of the post-FTX crypto winter, the company thought they were bailing out a desperate bitcoin (BTC) miner on the brink of bankruptcy.

This, however, was before ChatGPT had become mainstream. Novogratz and co. had no idea that this data center would be a strategic asset as the growing Artificial Intelligence (AI) industry clamours for more data center space, thanks to the explosive growth of Large Language Models (LLMs).

As analysts from Rittenhouse Research outlined in a new note, Galaxy’s lucky find, which instigated the company’s move out of BTC mining altogether, might now be crypto’s most lucrative pivot, as they make the case that the infrastructure used to mine digital gold is better used to process AI algorithms, and firms that shift away from BTC mining towards AI infrastructure are set to be the next growth stocks.

Analysts from Rittenhouse argue that AI data centers represent a significantly more lucrative business model than BTC mining because they generate stable, long-term cash flows with minimal ongoing capital expenditures, contrasting sharply with the volatility and capital intensity of bitcoin mining.

BTC mining revenues inherently decline by approximately 50% every four years due to the scheduled halvinings. Effectively, the play for a miner is being a long-term bull on BTC’s price and the ability for semiconductor fabs and designers to develop chips that are perpetually more efficient, and, for an investor, that’s a lot of variables.

In contrast, AI data centers like Galaxy’s Helios facility earn consistent, high-margin revenue through long-term, triple net leases to hyperscaler tenants (a large-scale cloud computing provider), without needing continuous investment in mining equipment.

“Galaxy stumbled upon Helios by virtue of good luck,” Rittenhouse wrote in their note. While competitors such as Riot Platforms and Cipher Mining have publicly tried to «rewrite history,» retroactively suggesting their business was always broader than BTC mining, analysts say, “in reality, these miners had zero intentions to do anything besides mine BTC until ChatGPT was launched.”

A broader industry shift?

Galaxy’s transition reflects a broader trend as BTC miners attempt to pivot toward AI and cloud computing.

Yet, analysts underscore Galaxy’s significant advantage, stemming from its superior balance sheet ($1.8 billion of net cash and investments), successful execution record, and credibility established through the CoreWeave lease.

While some have raised concerns over CoreWeave’s creditworthiness, causing Galaxy’s shares to trade at a significant discount, Rittenhouse analysts say these fears are significantly overblown, highlighting CoreWeave’s exceptional revenue stability from long-term contracts accounting for 96% of its revenues and its strong institutional backing.

The analysts emphasize that CoreWeave’s debt is carefully structured through delayed draw term loans, utilized specifically to finance infrastructure directly linked to secured customer agreements, dramatically reducing default risk.

Rittenhouse also notes that Galaxy has gone fully in on AI, and now doesn’t have any exposure to mining.

«Galaxy has completely exited all bitcoin mining activities to focus solely on its AI data center ambitions, which sends a positive signal to potential hyperscaler tenants,» analysts wrote.

As Rittenhouse writes, Cipher Mining’s CEO Tyler Page recently acknowledged the uphill battle miners face when approaching major AI customers.

«It’s not lost on us that if we’re talking to a counterparty with a $1 trillion market cap… One drawback for bitcoin miners is that major counterparties say, ‘wow, that’s a big obligation for you guys to backstop for such an important investment for us,’» Page said on the company’s Q1 2025 earnings call.

Galaxy doesn’t have that problem. With this Helios deal in place and Novogratz’s company totally out of mining, Galaxy’s accidental pivot might just turn out to be crypto’s best strategic move in years – if Rittenhouse’s thesis is correct.

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Binance, Kraken Thwarted Social Engineering Attacks Similar to Coinbase Hack

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Binance and Kraken, two of the world’s largest cryptocurrency exchanges, were recently targeted in a wave of social engineering attacks similar to the one that led to a major data breach at Coinbase.

Hackers approached customer support agents with bribery offers and detailed instructions for contacting attackers through Telegram, Bloomberg reports citing people familiar with the matter. Both exchanges managed to block the attempts without losing any customer data.

The exchanges faced tactics mirroring those used against Coinbase (COIN), which earlier this week revealed it expects to pay $180 million to $400 million in remediation costs and customer reimbursements after attackers gained access to their personal information.

That breach led to a $20 million ransom demand after the attackers managed to bribe Coinbase’s overseas employees/contractors to get customer information. The exchange has fired the staff involved and has contacted law enforcement.

At Binance, internal systems including artificial intelligence bots helped detect bribery-related messages, shutting down conversations before they escalated. Policies that limit access to customer data unless users initiate contact also helped mitigate risk.

Coinbase’s reportedly started seeing unusual activity in January, and last December, rival exchanges had begun warning the company about unusual activity targeting its largest clients.

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