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How the Hype for HyperLiquid’s Vault Evaporated on Concerns Over Centralization

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Just two months ago, the total value of funds locked (TVL) on HyperLiquid, a decentralized derivatives exchange (DEX) that allows traders to generate returns by staking to a shared vault, sat at a record $540 million.

Now, users are fleeing, TVL has slumped to $150 million and the yield has dropped to a measly 1%, in many cases, less than they’d get if they stashed their cash in a bank account.

At issue is an exploit that saw one user manipulate the price of a token called JELLY and force the vault, known as Hyperliquidity Provider, into a loss. But the negative PNL wasn’t the reason for the exodus. Rather it was HyperLiquid’s response, which led to concerns about how decentralized the protocol actually was, and whether it was acting exactly like the centralized exchange model it tried to distance itself from.

For the manipulation, the user shorted JELLY on HyperLiquid, that is sold tokens they didn’t own. They also bought tokens on illiquid decentralized exchanges. The lack of liquidity tricked the pricing oracle to relay an inflated price to HyperLiquid, forcing HyperLiquid’s vault to inherit a toxic position via liquidation.

As the price of JELLY rose further because of the spot buying pressure, the PNL for HyperLiquid’s vault sank more heavily into the red. Eventually, the exchange force closed the JELLY market, settling it at $0.0095 as opposed to the $0.50 that was being fed to oracles via decentralized exchanges.

This meant that the negative PNL was wiped away and, on paper, the vault performed well throughout the saga. But the action raised concerns about the control of what’s meant to be a decentralized process. At the time, Newfound Research CEO Corey Hoffstein questioned the legality of HyperLiquid’s actions and social media descended into outrage.

Some believe that the exploit was a mistake on HyperLiquid’s part.

“The Jelly exploit on Hyperliquid wasn’t a fluke,» Jan Philipp Fritsche, managing director at Oak Security, told CoinDesk. «It was a textbook case of unpriced vega risk: when leveraged trading on volatile assets is allowed without properly accounting for how that volatility can drain the risk fund. The attacker opened massive opposing positions in JELLY, knowing that one side would collapse and the other would cash out.

«This isn’t theoretical. It happened. And it will happen again. We flagged this exact risk vector in audits before, but economic flaws often get ignored because they’re not technical. That’s a mistake,» Fritsche added.

In this case, the manipulator ended up with a small loss.

It’s worth pointing out that HyperLiquid attempted to remedy the centralization concerns, upgrading its system to a include an on-chain validator voting for asset delisting, which means that the exchange will not be able to remove like JELLY in future without validator consensus.

Volume remains steady as HYPE tumbles

While the vault suffered a major blow in terms of trust and branding, the exchange itself continues to tick along just fine in terms of trading volume. Over $70 billion worth of volume has been notched so far this month and it looks to be on track to break it’s January record of $197 billion.

Still, the exchange’s native token (HYPE), which was distributed to users in December, has failed to mimic the positive performance of the exchange, losing 60% of its value over the past four months with its market cap dwindling from $9.7 billion to $4.6 billion.

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HashKey Capital to Debut Asian XRP Tracker Fund With Ripple as Anchor Investor

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HashKey Capital announced what it says is the first investment fund in Asia designed to track the performance of XRP, the digital asset used in Ripple’s global payment infrastructure.

The new fund, called the HashKey XRP Tracker Fund, will be open to professional investors and will allow exposure to XRP without the need to manage the asset directly. It will offer the ability to buy through cash and in-kind subscriptions, and offers monthly liquidity.

Ripple will be an early backer of the fund. The investment deepens its strategic ties with HashKey, which already has Hong Kong-listed spot ETFs for bitcoin (BTC) and ether (ETH).

The company will continue to partner with Ripple on additional financial products, Vivien Wong, a partner at HashKey Capital, said in a statement. One possibility includes tokenizing a money market fund on the XRP Ledger.

Ripple’s Asia-Pacific managing director Fiona Murray said the partnership with HashKey is part of a broader push to bring more regulated crypto products to institutions in the region.

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Bitcoin in Standstill at $85K as Trump Increases Pressure on Fed’s Powell

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Bitcoin (BTC) was treading water just below $85,000 late Thursday as tensions between U.S. President Donald Trump and Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell added another layer of uncertainty for investors.

Markets dipped on Wednesday after hawkish comments from Powell, who criticized Trump’s tariffs policy, saying that it would likely result in a slowing economy and rising prices — what economists call “stagflation.» In his remarks, Powell made clear his larger focus for now would be on prices, suggesting tighter Fed policy than otherwise thought.

Trump — who nominated the former investment banker and lawyer as Fed chair during his first term (Powell was given a second four-year term by President Biden) — has expressed his displeasure with Powell since retaking the White House. Powell, though, who is set to remain atop the central bank until May 2026, has repeatedly stated his determination to finish his term and suggested the president has no standing to fire him.

On Thursday, the WSJ reported that Trump has been privately discussing firing Powell for months, according to people familiar with the matter. Former Fed Governor Kevin Warsh is reportedly waiting in the wings as Powell’s replacement, but Warsh has lobbied the president not to move against the Fed chair, according to the story.

Joining Warsh in that warning is Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent, who said the move could roil already shaky U.S. markets as the central bank is supposed to be independent from political influences.

Odds of Trump removing Powell this year on the blockchain-based prediction market Polymarket rose to 19%, the highest reading since the contract’s late January launch.

Trump’s comments came on the back of the European Central Bank (ECB) cutting key interest rates for the seventh consecutive occasion on Thursday as it warned of a deteriorating growth outlook.

More pressure on markets came from the latest Philadelphia Fed manufacturing index, published Thursday morning, which showed a nosedive in activity this month, sinking to its lowest level (-26.4) in two years. Meanwhile, the prices paid index climbed to its highest reading since July 2022, adding to concerns about the Trump administration’s large-scale tariff policy pushing the U.S. economy into stagflation.

The S&P 500 and tech-heavy Nasdaq stock indexes traded mostly flat during the day.

A look at the crypto market showed BTC and Ethereum’s ETH up 0.8% over the past 24 hours. Most assets in the CoinDesk 20 Index traded higher during the day, with bitcoin cash (BCH), NEAR and AAVE leading gains.

CoinDesk 20 Index performance on April 17 (CoinDesk)

How bitcoin traders position amid heightened fear on Wall Street ?

Bitcoin has stabilized between $83k and $86k with traders chasing bullish bets while still seeking downside protection.

On Deribit, traders are actively chasing calls at the 90k to $100k strikes expiring in May and June, the exchange said in a market update Thursday. The demand for calls indicates expectations for a continued price rally.

Some of these bullish bets have been funded by premiums collected by selling put options.

At the same time, there has been renewed interest in buying put options at $80k expiring this month, representing preparations for potential price declines. Buying a put option is akin to purchasing insurance against price slides.

The diverse two-way flow comes as the VIX, Wall Street’s fear gauge measuring the 30-day implied volatility, still remains well above its 50-day average, despite the pullback from recent highs above 50.

The VIX is warning that the macro situation is still unraveling rather than resolving, the exchange said on X.

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Kyrgyzstan President Brings CBDC a Step Closer to Reality

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Kyrgyzstan President Sadyr Japarov took his country a step closer to issuing its own central bank digital currency Thursday, signing legislation that gives the «digital som» legal status.

The central Asian country is still deciding whether or not to issue a CBDC, but Thursday’s amendments to the Constitutional Law of the Kyrgyz Republic ensures that the digital som will be treated as legal tender if the central bank goes ahead with issuing a CBDC.

«The purpose of the Constitutional Law is to launch a pilot project of a prototype of a national digital currency, the ‘digital som,’ as well as to create a legal basis and its status,» a statement on the president’s site said.

Under the new provisions, the National Bank of the Kyrgyz Republic will be able to develop and approve rules for conducting payments on the digital som platform.

These provisions, described as amendments on the president’s website, were first adopted on March 20 by Kyrgyzstan’s supreme council. The country is due to begin testing the digital som this year, according to local news outlet Trend News Agency. The country is not expected to make a final decision on whether to issue the CBDC until next year.

The idea of CBDCs has been controversial among some crypto proponents, but countries like the U.K., Nigeria, Jamaica and the Bahamas — as well as the European Union’s multinational bloc — have moved in the direction of issuing a CBDC, while other countries like the U.S. have largely moved away from the idea of issuing one.

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