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Bitcoin Miners Approach $40B Market Cap as Difficulty Set for Fifth Straight Increase

Publicly traded bitcoin (<a href=»https://www.coindesk.com/price/bitcoin/ » target=»_blank»>BTC</a>) miners are approaching the milestone of an aggregated $40 billion market cap, according to <a href=»https://farside.co.uk/miners/» target=»_blank»>Farside data</a>, doubling in seven months as bitcoin’s price rocketed through multiple record highs to approach six figures for the first time.
Miners’ biggest challenge is revenue. The reward they receive for confirming blocks on the Bitcoin blockchain was cut <a href=»https://www.coindesk.com/learn/bitcoin-halving-explained» target=»_blank»>50% in April</a>, when their combined market cap was about $20 billion. In this current epoch, only 450 bitcoin are mined a day and fees paid to miners remain at cycle lows, just 10 BTC ($946,000) on Nov. 27 according to Glassnode data.
That means they either have to diversify revenue streams or produce bitcoin at a cheaper cost than the spot price, currently about $96,000.
That’s a challenge that is about to become more difficult. The mining difficulty, which measures how hard it is to produce the blockchain’s blocks, is expected to increase by a further 3% at some point in the next few days.
Mining difficulty, already firmly above <a href=»https://www.coindesk.com/markets/2024/11/05/bitcoin-mining-difficulty-tops-100t-for-first-time-piling-pressure-on-small-miners» target=»_blank»>1 trillion</a>, automatically adjusts every 2016 blocks or roughly every two weeks. The higher the difficulty, the harder — and costlier — for miners to produce a new block.
The heart of the issue is the soaring hashrate, which has held above 700 exahash per second (EH/s) for more than a month. The hashrate is the computational power required to mine and process transactions on a <a href=»https://www.coindesk.com/learn/2020/12/16/what-is-proof-of-work/ » target=»_blank»>proof-of-work blockchain</a> like Bitcoin.
On a seven-day moving average, the hashrate is currently at 726 EH/s, continuing to put in higher highs and higher lows since mid-year, according to Glassnode data.
In 2024, many miners have diversified their revenue streams by pivoting into the AI and high-performance computing (HPC) industries, where there is soaring demand for locations that can host the computing power they need.
One example is IREN (IREN), whose shares surged 30% on Wednesday on <a href=»https://www.coindesk.com/business/2024/11/27/bitcoin-miner-iren-surges-on-renewed-ai-interest-possible-btc-dividend-payment» target=»_blank»>renewed AI interest</a>.
Other, such as MARA Holdings (MARA), are leveraging their bitcoin stashes and bumping up their bitcoin balance sheet holdings. As of Nov. 27, MARA added a <a href=»https://x.com/MARAHoldings/status/1861848253362274469″ target=»_blank»>further 703 BTC</a> after selling a 0% $1 billion convertible note to raise the funds. The company now owns a total 34,794 BTC.
The CoinShares Valkyrie Bitcoin Miners ETF is a proxy for publicly traded miners. Its share price is up 60% year-to-date, which is underperforming bitcoin’s 113%.
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Bitcoin Options Open Interest Hit Record $42.5B on Deribit as Traders Eye Next Bull Target for BTC

«Don’t be surprised if buying activity picks up across the spectrum of products tied to BTC,» CoinDesk said in Tuesday’s edition of the Crypto Daybook Americas, presenting a bullish case for bitcoin.
As bitcoin’s (BTC) price jumped to new lifetime highs above $111K during Thursday’s Asian trading hours it spurred record activity in the Deribit-listed options market.
The notional open interest (OI), or the dollar value of the number of active or open options contracts, rose to a record $42.5 billion, Deribit’s CEO, Luuk Strijers, told CoinDesk.
Options are derivative contracts that give the right but not the obligation to buy or sell the underlying asset at a predetermined price at a later date. A call provides the right to buy, representing an implicit bullish bet on the market, while a put option offers insurance against price slides.
BTC’s move to record highs saw traders chase upside through higher strike call options.
«Most traded strikes in the past 24h: $120K and $130K upside calls for May and June expiry. Highest OI now sits at the $110K, $120K, and $300K June 27 strikes — showing bullish conviction,» Strijers said.
Deribit is the world’s largest crypto options exchange, accounting for nearly 80% of the global crypto options activity. The exchange also offers trading in perpetuals and spot markets. The overall open interest across crypto options and perpetual futures segments has also hit a record high of over $45 billion.
Publicly traded crypto exchange Coinbase has planned to acquire derivatives exchange Deribit in a $2.9 billion deal.
Read more: In $2.9B Deal, Coinbase Agrees to Buy Deribit to Expand in U.S. Crypto Options Market
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Bitcoin’s Rally to Record Highs Puts Focus on $115K Where an ‘Invisible Hand’ May Slow Bull Run

Bitcoin’s (BTC) price has surged to record highs, sparking optimism among investors. However, expected hedging activities of market makers/dealers, often an invisible force, at certain price levels, may slow the ascent.
The leading cryptocurrency topped the $111,000 mark during the Asian hours, with analysts anticipating stronger demand.
«The OTC supply may be drying up, driving up prices. This would not be reflected in exchange trading volumes or the derivatives market. If this is the case, get ready for a wild ride, as more demand is coming on board with a competitive bitcoin corporate treasury environment and, perhaps, a less elastic OTC spot market,» said Alexander S. Blume, founder and CEO of SEC-registered investment advisor Two Prime.
Blume explained that corporate treasuries coming on board have been buying over-the-counter «en masse,» and rumors are that sovereign demand for the cryptocurrency has picked up.
Ryan Lee, chief analyst at Bitget, said BTC could rally to $180,000 by the end of the year, led by spot ETF inflows, slower post-halving supply growth and growing institutional adoption.
«Moody’s recent downgrade of the U.S. sovereign credit rating to Aa1 is another key macro catalyst, sparking renewed interest in BTC and ETH as hedges against fiat risk. BTC’s ability to hold above $103,000 amid volatility highlights the market’s shift toward crypto as a strategic reserve asset,» Lee said.
Focus on $115K
While the path of least resistance is on the higher side, the pace of the bullish move may be challenged by potential hedging activities of options market makers/dealers at around $115K and higher price levels, according to Jeff Anderson, head of Asia at STS Digital.
Dealers are entities tasked with creating liquidity in an exchange’s order book. They are always on the opposite side of traders’ positions and make money from the bid-ask spread, while constantly striving to maintain a net-price neutral exposure.
Data from Deribit’s BTC options market, tracked by Amberdata, shows dealers hold significant «positive gamma» exposure at $115K and higher strike price levels.
When dealers’ gamma is positive, it means they are long call or put options. In this case, their delta (market exposure) increases when the underlying asset increases. Thus, their delta-hedging mandate requires selling more of the underlying asset as the price rises and vice versa.
The order-flow, therefore, acts as a contrarian force, limiting the price volatility, Anderson told CoinDesk.
Dealer gamma is significantly positive, from $115K to $150K, thanks to investors’ interest in selling (overwriting) higher strike call options to generate additional yield on top of their spot holdings.
«There is lot of positive gamma in the market due to call overwriters. They will be more wary of this breakout, and if we can clear the pocket of gamma at $115K, this [rally] could really start to go,» Anderson said.
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SHIB Holds Strong Above Key Support as Volume Spikes Nearly 4x

SHIB’s remarkable resilience during the recent trading session demonstrates growing investor confidence despite market turbulence.
The token’s ability to recover from a sudden drop to 0.0000143 with extraordinary volume support suggests institutional accumulation rather than retail panic.
With the psychological support at 0.000015 holding firm and multiple tests of upper resistance, SHIB appears poised for potential continuation of its upward trajectory if current accumulation patterns persist.
Technical Analysis Highlights
- SHIB demonstrated remarkable resilience over the 24-hour period, climbing from 0.0000146 to 0.0000150, representing a 2.85% gain with a range of 0.00000081 (5.64%).
- The token experienced significant volatility at 17:00 when price plummeted to 0.0000143 before finding strong volume support.
- A massive 2.83 trillion volume spike—nearly 4x the average—provided crucial support during the recovery phase.
- Key resistance at 0.0000151 was tested twice during the period, with accumulation patterns forming in the final hours.
- Three consecutive high-volume candles (23:00-01:00) established a solid foundation above the 0.000015 psychological level.
- In the last hour, SHIB exhibited notable volatility with a significant price surge at 01:22 when it broke above the 0.0000151 resistance level, reaching 0.00001514 by 01:31.
- Elevated trading volumes supported the bullish momentum, particularly during the 01:36 candle which recorded nearly 80 billion in volume.
- A sharp correction at 01:37-01:38 dropped the price 5% to 0.00001505, before establishing a consolidation pattern.
External References
- «Analyst Says When This Shiba Inu Breakout Happens, You’ll Want a Piece of SHIB«, The Crypto Basic, published May 21, 2025.
- «Shiba Inu (SHIB) Primed for Breakout as Accumulation and Burn Rate Surge«, Coin Edition, published May 21, 2025.
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