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Onboarding the Buy-Side to Blockchain Rails
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The ultimate goals of tokenization include full-fledged secondary trading markets for alternative private assets, integration and portability into the DeFi ecosystem, and greater investment accessibility. While there are a number of platforms and service providers offering tokenization-as-a-service, there have typically been inherent limitations associated with bringing existing legacy assets on-chain in a dynamic manner.
Tokenizing a portfolio of loans from a middle-market direct lender may create an opportunity to use the portfolio collateral as non-crypto collateral within DeFi applications like Moonwell, Aave or Morpho, for example. The ideal real-world asset lending workflow taken from Blue Water’s Opportunities in Tokenization 2025 report is displayed below.
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Importantly, the concept will likely fail if the direct lender only marks its portfolio holdings quarterly, semi-annually or annually, as that timeline drastically lags the usual real-time execution expected within digital asset markets. To truly unlock the trillions of dollars of current, performing alternative assets in the universe there must be an operating system or systems that enable end-goal applications; these applications include decentralized exchanges, decentralized lending platforms and peer-to-peer collateral transfers from which to constantly draw financial asset data. But doing this for DeFi applications is not feasible by sifting through tens or hundreds of Excel spreadsheets and siloed files in an attempt to ingest asset-level data.
Below are some additional factors for consideration in shifting towards blockchain environments:
1. Transparency and proof-of-metrics — “metric” being anything including reserves, holdings, state, authorization, etc. — are the lifeblood of crypto markets. Bringing legacy assets on-chain in a meaningful way will require above-average levels of transparency, at least for direct investors and participants.
2. Any operational speedbumps inhibiting a 24/7 operating schedule will reduce trust and increase execution risk in the eyes of crypto investors. That means manual employee updates, edits and working hours will decrease the attractiveness of real-world assets to the crypto markets.
3. As a combination of the first two points, seasoned crypto participants will likely require a holistic solution enabling real-time monitoring of the off-chain assets backing their tokens and near real-time execution speed, whether that be trading, subscriptions, redemptions or loan processing.
For example, Inveniam’s blockchain-based operating system displayed here enables private assets to bridge into crypto-native ecosystems that they previously could not.
These points are not as threatening to newly-issued digitally-native assets like Tradable’s $1.7 billion in loans or Figure’s $10+ billion in HELOCs, since the full life cycle and associated data of these products began and still exists on-chain. However, for the trillions of dollars worth of existing assets that many in the field are targeting, porting operating and lifecycle data from an array of Excel sheets to an operating system that can ingest the data, credential it on a blockchain, and ping that data out in real-time will put things at the goal line.
Platforms such as the Inveniam operating system displayed above and Accountable, as well as blockchain layers like Chainlink and Pyth, provide some low-hanging fruit for asset managers and capital markets players to get token-ready by onboarding to blockchain rails.
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Bybit CEO Labels Pi Network a Scam, Citing Official Police Warning
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Bybit CEO Ben Zhou said Thursday that his exchange will not list the Pi Network’s PI token, which was controversially released on Thursday, citing a Chinese police warning from 2023 that alleged the project was a scam targeting elderly people, leaking their personal information and leading to the loss of their pensions.
«There are multiple other reports out there questioning the project legitimacy,» Zhou posted on X. «Yes, I still think you are a scam, and no, Bybit will not list scam.»
The Pi Network didn’t respond to CoinDesk’s request for comments.
The token went live alongside the project’s mainnet release on Thursday. Users who «mined» tokens by clicking their smartphone screens once a day were finally able to transfer and sell tokens.
Zhou, however, found himself in the middle of a separate issue on Friday, with his exchange Bybit, which was hacked by North Korea’s Lazarus Group for $1.5 billion.
The PI token debuted on OKX at $0.67, rose as high as $2 and then slumped 65% and is currently around $0.69.
One issue that raised concerns was a marketing tactic that rewarded users who recruited other users. Each time a user persuaded someone else to sign up using their code, the first person’s «mining» rewards were increased. The idea had some drawing comparisons to the 2017 Ponzi scheme, Bitconnect.
«Pi Network is the biggest ponzi [scheme],» X user CryptoBeast alleged, posting to their 656K followers.
The project also offers users the option of locking their tokens for as long as three years. In return, they are promised increased rewards. The same technique was at the heart of the Hex project, whose founder, Richard Schueler, known online as Richard Heart, is a fugitive sought by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) for, among other things, defrauding his investors.
The token has a market cap of $4.18 billion based on a circulating supply of $6.33 billion. However, its inflationary nature means the maximum supply is 100 billion, giving a fully diluted value (FDV) at a staggering $67 billion, assuming it holds the current price. At launch, FDV rose as high as $200 billion, almost double that of Solana.
Some exchanges have been undeterred by the concerns raised. OKX, Bitget and Gate have racked up a total of $620 million in trading volume for PI trading pairs between them, according to CoinMarketCap.
Read more: Pi Network’s Token Debuts at $195B Value Despite Minimal Liquidity
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North Korean Hackers Were Behind Crypto’s Largest ‘Theft of All Time’
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Blockchain analytics firm Arkham Intelligence said North Korea’s Lazarus Group was behind Bybit’s $1.46 billion hack.
In an earlier post on social media platform X, Arkham offered a bounty of 50,000 ARKM tokens for anyone who could identify the attackers for Friday’s hack. Later, the platform said onchain sleuth ZachXBT submitted «definitive proof» that the attackers were the North Korean hacker group.
«His submission included a detailed analysis of test transactions and connected wallets used ahead of the exploit, as well as multiple forensics graphs and timing analyses,» the post said.
Read more: Bybit Loses $1.5B in Hack but Can Cover Loss, CEO Confirms
The hack that rocked the crypto market and saw most prices tumbling was called the «largest crypto theft of all time, by some margin,» by Elliptic’s Tom Robinson, co-founder and chief scientist. «The next largest crypto theft would be the $611 million stolen from Poly Network in 2021. In fact it may even be the largest single theft of all time.»
Blockchain data provider Nansen told CoinDesk that the attackers first withdrew nearly $1.5 billion worth of funds from the exchange into a main wallet and then spread the funds across several others.
«Initially, the stolen funds were transferred to a primary wallet, which then distributed them across more than 40 wallets,» Nansen said. «The attackers converted all stETH, cmETH, and mETH to ETH before systematically transferring ETH in $27 million increments to over 10 additional wallets,» Nansen said.
The attack appeared to have been caused by something called «Blind Signing,» where a smart contract transaction is approved without the comprehensive knowledge of its contents.
«This attack vector is quickly becoming the favorite form of cyber attack used by advanced threat actors, including North Korea,» said blockchain security firm Blockaid’s CEO Ido Ben Natan. «It’s the same type of attack that was used in the Radiant Capital breach and the WazirX incident.»
«The problem is that even with the best key management solutions, today most of the signing process is delegated to software interfaces that interact with dApps. This creates a critical vulnerability — it opens the door for malicious manipulation of the signing process, which is exactly what happened in this attack,» he said.
Bybit CEO Ben Zhou wrote earlier on X that a hacker «took control of the specific ETH cold wallet and transferred all the ETH in the cold wallet to this unidentified address.» He also confirmed that the exchange «is solvent even if this hack loss is not recovered.»
Oliver Knight contributed to the reporting of this story
Read more: Bitcoin, Ether Slump as Crypto Prices Dip on Report of Massive $1.5B Bybit Hack
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Plunging U.S. Stocks Help Add to Crypto’s Bad Day
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Only a handful of hours ago crypto markets were buoyed as the Securities and Exchange Commission signaled its intent its dismiss a lawsuit against Coinbase (COIN).
The welcome regulatory news sparked 5% gains for COIN and the likes of increasingly important crypto trading platform Robinhood (HOOD), and sent bitcoin (BTC) breaking out of its recent tight trading range to within sight of the $100,000 level.
The first bomb to break the good vibes came late in the U.S. morning when Bybit was stung by about a $1.5 billion hack — the largest such exploit ever in crypto. That news sent bitcoin and ether (ETH) sliding roughly 2% in a manner of minutes.
Prices quickly seemed to stabilize and — at least in the case for bitcoin — bounce a bit.
Et tu stocks?
Any sort of bounce, however, was quickly snuffed out as modest losses for U.S. stocks began to accelerate in afternoon trading.
Among the excuses for the quick retreat was a poor reading from the Michigan Consumer Sentiment Index, which unexpectedly slipped to 64.7 versus forecasts for 67.8. The same survey’s inflation expectations rose to 3.5% against an expected 3.3%.
An outlier, but perhaps also a reason for selling, was a new coronavirus scare out of China. Discovered by researchers at the Wuhan Institute, HKU5-CoV-2 is «strikingly similar» to the virus that caused the 2020 pandemic, according to the Daily Mail.
Shortly before the close of trading on Friday, the Nasdaq is lower by 2.2% and the S&P 500 by 1.7%. The 10-year U.S. Treasury yield has fallen nine basis points to 4.42%.
As for crypto, bitcoin has more than erased its gains of the past couple of days, trading back to $95,000 and lower by nearly 4% over the past 24 hours. Ether (ETH) has pulled back to $2,650, also lower by about 4%. The broader CoinDesk 20 Index is down 4.4%.
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