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Without Operational Alpha, Bitcoin Treasury Company Premiums Will Collapse

Listed companies are rapidly transforming into bitcoin treasury vehicles, raising capital to buy BTC and hold it on their balance sheets. With bitcoin increasingly seen as a potential global reserve asset, gaining institutional traction and strong price expectations, this trend might seem sound. But there’s a problem: most of these companies have acquisition plans without a business plan.
Why buy at a premium when you can buy bitcoin directly?
Almost any investor can buy bitcoin directly, either spot or via ETFs. So why invest through a listed company trading at a significant premium to the net asset value (NAV) of its bitcoin?
The short answer is: you shouldn’t, unless the company has a clear strategy for putting its bBitcoin to work in a way investors can’t easily replicate. Holding BTC must serve an operational purpose. Otherwise, the company should return the capital and let shareholders buy bitcoin on their own terms.
Bitcoin Yield ≠ Business Model
To justify premiums, some analysts now use the concept of bitcoin yield, the percentage increase in BTC per share over time. While it’s an interesting KPI to track, it doesn’t justify a premium to NAV on its own.
Yes, if a company issues equity at a premium above NAV and buys more BTC, it can increase BTC per share. But if an investor’s goal is to gain the maximum bitcoin exposure per dollar invested, investors should just buy BTC directly.
Leveraged long with limited upside
To speed up their acquisitions, many treasury companies raise capital through various types of convertible debt. The result is a leveraged long position in bitcoin, with full downside exposure and limited upside. This structure is exactly why creditors have been eager to underwrite such instruments.
If bitcoin falls, creditors get repaid in USD, while the company may be forced to sell its BTC holdings to cover the debt. If bitcoin rises, creditors convert their debt into shares at a discount and sell them to capture the upside above the conversion price. That’s upside that would otherwise belong to shareholders.
As an investor choosing between buying into a leveraged bBitcoin equity company or simply taking on leverage against your own BTC, you have to ask: Is the reduced upside worth avoiding the work of doing it yourself?
If the company also trades at a substantial premium to its underlying bitcoin and lacks any operational plan beyond buying and holding BTC, the answer is likely no.
The same applies to other simple risk-taking strategies, such as lending out BTC in exchange for interest; they introduce risk, but do little to justify the premium.
A business plan, not just a BTC plan
This doesn’t mean all bitcoin treasury companies should trade at or below NAV. But a premium requires more than a funding and acquisition strategy, it requires a business strategy.
A strong bitcoin balance sheet can serve as a powerful foundation for an operational business. In finance, balance sheets are the basis for lending, trading, structuring and more, and some of the current nBitcoin treasury companies will likely emerge as financial giants of the future.
Brokerage, liquidity provision, collateralized lending and structured products are all examples of operational models that can scale, generate revenue, and justify premium valuations.
By contrast, simply raising funds to chase «bitcoin yield» is not a business plan. If a pure play treasury company doesn’t develop an operational plan, its premium will collapse, and it may eventually be acquired by a firm that does know how to put bitcoin to work.
Bitcoin is the new hurdle rate. To beat BTC, companies must do more than just buy and hold it. They must figure out how to build a Bitcoin-based business.
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Elon Musk’s xAI Partners With Kalshi to Bring Grok to Prediction Markets

Elon Musk’s artificial intelligence startup xAI is partnering with regulated prediction market Kalshi to bring its chatbot Grok into the world of real-money event forecasting, the companies said Thursday.
The collaboration will allow Grok to analyze news, historical data and economic indicators in real time to support users trading on Kalshi’s federally regulated platform. Kalshi traders can place bets on specific outcomes of events like Federal Reserve interest rate decisions, Senate control, or monthly inflation figures — making Grok’s ability to summarize information quickly a potential edge.
“Kalshi and xAI are partnering to bring Grok to prediction markets. Two of the fastest growing companies in America are now on the same team,” xAI said in a post on X.
The deal brings together Musk’s latest AI venture, known for its irreverent chatbot Grok, and Kalshi, the only U.S.-regulated prediction market that offers tradable event contracts. While details of how Grok will be integrated weren’t disclosed, Bloomberg previously reported (and then retracted) in May that both companies are committing “significant engineering resources” to the project.
The announcement also adds complexity to xAI and Musk’s broader prediction market strategy.
Earlier this year, xAI and X named Polymarket — an unregulated crypto-based competitor to Kalshi — as their official prediction market partner. Now, with Kalshi and Polymarket effectively operating in parallel under Musk’s orbit, the market appears to be a testing ground for Grok’s AI capabilities across different regulatory frameworks.
Grok’s most recent version, Grok 4, was unveiled earlier this month, promising major upgrades in reasoning and information retrieval.
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Polkadot’s DOT Bounces After 7% Decline

Polkadot’s DOT staged a strong recovery after slumping as much as 7%, bouncing from $3.91 to $4.08 amid high trading volumes, according to CoinDesk Research’s technical analysis model.
The model showed that DOT navigated substantial price swings during the 24-hour period from July 23 19:00 to July 24 18:00, oscillating between $3.91 and $4.20 before settling at $4.08.
Earlier this week, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) withdrew its accelerated approval for a Bitwise crypto exchange-traded fund (ETF) that plans to include DOT among its top holdings by market cap.
The bounce in Polkadot came as the wider crypto market also rose, with the broader market gauge, the Coindesk 20, recently up 1.4%.
In recent trading, DOT was 2% lower over 24 hours, trading around $4.09.
Technical Analysis:
- Overall trading range of $0.28 representing 7% volatility between $4.20 maximum and $3.91 minimum.
- Critical support level established at $3.96 with high volume confirmation exceeding 4.28 million average.
- Resistance zone identified at $4.10 level showing price rejection patterns.
- Volume spike of 73,061 during decline phase indicating institutional selling pressure.
- Recovery pattern suggests potential continuation toward $4.13 target level.
- Net decline of 2% from opening despite strong bounce from overnight lows.
Disclaimer: Parts of this article were generated with the assistance from AI tools and reviewed by our editorial team to ensure accuracy and adherence to our standards. For more information, see CoinDesk’s full AI Policy.
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Yuga Labs Bored Ape Yacht Club $9M Win Against Ryder Ripps Overturned, Must Better Prove Trademark Infringement

The creator of the Bored Ape Yacht Club non-fungible tokens (NFTs) needs to better prove that a «satirical» version of these tokens was meant to mislead would-be buyers, a U.S. appeals court said Wednesday, overturning a lower court ruling and sending the case back to that lower court for a new trial.
The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit ruled that a District Court finding that Ryder Ripps’ NFT collection harmed Yuga Labs’ trademarked NFTs needs to be reconsidered, though without weighing in on whether there was indeed trademark infringement — only that Yuga needed to do a better job of demonstrating that under the law at a new trial, a court document said.
Ryder Ripps and Jeremy Cahen, the duo behind the RR/BAYC NFT collection, had previously argued that their tokens were meant to be a satirical response to the actual BAYC. Yuga Labs sued in 2022, alleging trademark infringement and cybersquatting.
A partial summary judgement by a district judge found that Yuga does own trademarks to its Bored Ape Yacht Club NFT collection and that Ripps’ RR/BAYC NFT collection did cause confusion as the images did look similar. Ripps appealed the final ruling, which included an over $8 million fine to be paid to Yuga. The appeals court said that while Yuga does have priority on the trademark due to being the first to use «the Bored Ape Yacht Club marks,» it had not proven that Ripps’ NFTs were causing confusion.
Nevertheless, Yuga Labs must return to trial. «Yuga may ultimately prevail on these claims, but to do so it must convince a factfinder at trial,» the filing said.
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